Hispanic

We were mocked  and harrassed for using the words, Hispanic and Spain, in the same breath in the September 2, 2009, entry entitled, "Makes Me Wonder What Else They're Not Telling Me?" although, it looks now like the author of that critique has deleted his comment. 

The scolder wrote that:  
Hispanic has nothing to do with Spain!  

{
We're curious.  We're wondering:  "What's up with all the anger and hate and hostility!?" }



Usage Note from Dictionary.com
:

Though often used interchangeably in American English, Hispanic and Latino are not identical terms, and in certain contexts the choice between them can be significant.

Hispanic, from the Latin word for "Spain," has the broader reference, potentially encompassing all Spanish-speaking peoples in both hemispheres and emphasizing the common denominator of language among communities that sometimes have little else in common.

Latino
— which in Spanish means "Latin" but which as an English word is probably a shortening of the Spanish word latinoamericano — refers more exclusively to persons or communities of Latin American origin.

Of the two, only Hispanic can be used in referring to Spain and its history and culture; a native of Spain residing in the United States is a Hispanic, not a Latino, and one cannot substitute Latino in the phrase the Hispanic influence on native Mexican cultures without garbling the meaning.

In practice, however, this distinction is of little significance when referring to residents of the United States, most of whom are of Latin American origin and can theoretically be called by either word. 


A more important distinction concerns the sociopolitical rift that has opened between Latino and Hispanic in American usage:
  • For a certain segment of the Spanish-speaking population, Latino is a term of ethnic pride and Hispanic a label that borders on the offensive.  According to this view, Hispanic lacks the authenticity and cultural resonance of Latino, with its Spanish sound and its ability to show the feminine form Latina when used of women.
  • Furthermore, Hispanic — the term used by the U.S. Census Bureau and other government agencies — is said to bear the stamp of an Anglo establishment far removed from the concerns of the Spanish-speaking community.
While these views are strongly held by some, they are by no means universal, and the division in usage seems as related to geography as it is to politics, with Latino widely preferred in California and Hispanic the more usual term in Florida and Texas. Even in these regions, however, usage is often mixed, and it is not uncommon to find both terms used by the same writer or speaker.

~  Chicano is probably influenced by the Spanish word, "chico," meaning "boy," also used as a nickname.  The adjective is first attested in 1967. 

It is used only of Mexican Americans, not of Mexicans living in Mexico. It was originally an informal term in English (as in Spanish), and the spelling of the first recorded instance in an American publication followed the Spanish custom of lowercasing nouns of national or ethnic origin. 


However, the literary and political movements of the 1960s and 1970s among Mexican Americans established Chicano as a term of ethnic pride, and it is properly written today with a capital. 

While Chicano is a term of pride for many Mexican Americans, it remains a word with strong political associations. Since these politics are not necessarily espoused by all Mexican Americans, and since usage and acceptance of this word can vary from one region to another, an outsider who is unfamiliar with his or her audience may do well to use Mexican American instead.
 

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